Founding Documents Practice

Founding Documents

Read the following passage

James Madison, in Federalist No. 51, argues that since people are not angels, government must be structured to control itself. He explains that Federalism provides 'double security' by dividing power both vertically and horizontally, ensuring that no single entity can dominate the political process.

According to the principles outlined in the stimulus, how does the structure of the Federalist system address the problem of human nature identified in the state of nature?

A By dividing power both vertically (between state and federal governments) and horizontally (among the three branches) to ensure that government controls itself because people are not angels. B By establishing a direct democracy where the people make all laws themselves and retain ultimate authority without intermediaries, so no official can become tyrannical or threaten natural rights. C By creating a single-house legislature in which every state receives equal representation, thereby preventing any faction from gaining undue influence over the national lawmaking process. D By relying on the virtue and wisdom of elected representatives to correct legislative errors on their own, without needing separation of powers or other structural checks.

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